Breeding polled cattle just got easier – thanks to the addition of new
markers into the DNA panel of the UK’s leading genetic profiling tool.
The expanded IGENITY® profile now includes breed-specific horned/polled DNA
analyses for Charolais, Gelbvieh, Hereford, Limousin, Simmental and Shorthorn
breeds, as well as any of those breeds crossed with Angus.
This means that breeders can use this ‘inside information’ to
remove the guesswork involved when selecting cattle for polling. Breeders can
know, for certain, the polling/horning status of their cattle and select accordingly,
using the information contained in the genetic profile produced by the IGENITY
tool.
Markers for other breeds are being validated and will be available through
the IGENITY profiling service soon.
The trait of being polled or having horns is believed to be determined by
one pair of genes. One gene in the pair is inherited from the dam and the other
from the sire. The polled gene (P) is dominant to the horned gene (H). If an
animal has two polled genes (PP or homozygous polled), or one polled and one
horned gene (HP or heterozygous), it will be polled.
However, if it is heterozygous polled it may pass either the polled or horned
gene on to its offspring. The only situation when an animal will be horned
is when it possesses two recessive horned genes (HH or homozygous horned).
The presence of horns in commercial cattle is known to cause performance losses
and damage to carcasses, according to Global Director of Technical Services
for IGENITY, Dr. Jim Gibb. “But now producers can make selection decisions
by using another piece of important information.”
He says that the genetic marker is certainly proving very popular in the US,
as well as in Australia and New Zealand. “Breeding polled cattle eliminates
the cost and hassle of de-horning – it reduces the amount of stress on
the animals – and staff. And the UK’s animal welfare regulations
are also expected to be tighter in the future concerning de-horning and may
stipulate that the procedure has to be carried out by a vet – making
it more expensive than it is at the moment.
“Handling cattle when de-horning, particularly older and therefore larger
animals, is not without its safety risks either,” he adds.
So breeding polled cattle could be a more economically attractive option for
many producers and will certainly save on labour, handling and hassle.
The comprehensive IGENITY profile also includes multiple-marker DNA analysis
for traits of economic importance, such as tenderness potential, fat thickness,
rib eye area, retail meat yield, average daily gain, marbling, and coat colour,
along with parentage in multiple-sire settings, as well as a diagnostic test
for identifying cattle persistently infected (PI) with bovine viral diarrhoea
(BVD) virus.
For more info see www.igenity.com
[05/03/2009]